Titration

Titration is interesting because it gives you the exact volume of a base required to neutralise a particular volume of an acid. The process for titration is actually simple and anyone can try it in a chemistry laboratory.

So basically, you need: 

•  25 ml burette 
•  25ml pipette
• Dilute acid
• Dilute alkali/base
• Phenolphthalein 

Now, I'm going to move on to how to do the experiment i.e. the procedure

• So the first thing you should do is rinse both the burette and the pipette. To do this, for the burette, you can shut the stopper and then pour some sodium hydroxide (NaOH) into the burette. Put your thumb over the other end. Then shake it making sure it flows through the entire burette and then dispose of the sodium hydroxide in a sink. Similarly, rinse the pipette but use dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl).

• Next, fill the burette up to 25 ml with your dilute base and take 25ml of acid in the pipette.

• Next, pour the acid into a beaker below the burette containing the base.

• Add on drop of phenolphthalein to roughly the centre of the acid.

• Now, add the alkali one drop at a time. The phenolphthalein should turn purple/pink and then shake the beaker to get rid of this colour.

• Repeat the above step till the purple colour doesn't disappear on shaking.

• See the range of volume of the base added for which the purple colour doesn't disappear (e.g. 11-12ml).

• Now, repeat the experiment but add 1 ml at a time between the range of volume for which the colour stopped disappearing to get the exact value.

This is a basic explanation of how to do titration. You can do this for a variety of acids and alkalis and even use a different indicator. I hope this helped!